General Commands
ls (List Schema) This command will list the contents of your current directory. It only returns files that are not (.) “dot” files.
mkdir – (Make Directory). With this command will create a subdirectory in your home directory.
cd – (Change Directory) With this command you can move from your current working directory to a new directory.
pwd – (Print Working Directory). The pwd command, when evoked, will display the absolute pathname for the directory you are currently in..
cp (copy). This command will copy a file from one directory to another.
mv : (Move) this allows you to move a file from one place to another
rm – (Remove) This command is used to delete a file.
rmdir : (Remove Directory) This command is used to delete directories.
clear – Clear the terminal window.
cat : (Concatenate) Can be used to display the contents of a file on the screen.
more : The more command is used to view files just like cat except that the more command lets you view the information 1 page at a time.
head : The head command writes the first 10 lines of a file to the screen.
tail – The tail command writes the last ten lines of a file to the screen.
grep : The grep command will search a file for specified words or patterns and prints out each line in which the word or pattern occurs.
wc : (Word Count) this gives a word count for a specific filename.
Ping : allows to determine if a hosts Ethernet configuration is good.
Traceroute : allows you see the path that a packet must travel to get to its destination.
Ns lookup – allows you to invoke DNS to lookup a host or IP address.
Whois : Script that Queries the InterNic Database for information on a particular host.
chmod : Change access modes on files.
csplit – Break files at specific locations.
file : Determine a files type.
install : Set up system files.
ln : Create filename aliases.
rcp : Copy files to a remote system.
split : Splits files evenly.
banner : Make posters from words.
pc : Precision Calculator.
cal : Display Calendar.
calendar : Check for reminders.
kill : Terminate a running command.
nice : Reduce a jobs priority.
nohup : Preserve a job after logging out.
passwd : Set a password.
script : produce a transcript of your login session.
spell : report misspelled words.
su : Become a superuser.
Printing
cancel : Cancel a printer request.
lp : Send to the printer.
lpstat : Get printer status.
pr : Format and paginate for printing.
Searching
egrep : Extended version of grep.
fgrep : Search files for literal words.
find – Search the systems for filenames.
locate – GNU command used to find a file on the system.
grep – Search files for text patterns.
strings : Search binary files for text patterns.
Shell Programming
echo : Repeat input on the output.
expr : Perform arithmetic and comparisons.
line : Read a line of input.
sleep : Pause during processing.
test : Test a condition.
Storage
compress : Compress files to free up space.
cpio : Copy archives in or out.
pack : Pack files to free up space.
pcat : Display contents of packed files.
tar : Tape archiver.
uncompress : Expand compressed (.Z) files.
unpack : Expand packed (.z) files.
zcat : Display contents of compressed files.
System Status
at : Execute commands later.
chgrp : Change file group.
chown : Chang file owner.
crontab : Automate commands.
date : Display or set date.
df : Show free disk space.
du : Show disk usage.
env : Show environmental variables.
finger : Point out information about users.
ps : Show processes.
ruptime- Show loads on working systems.
shutdown : Revert to single-user mode.
stty : Set or display terminal settings.
who : Show who is logged on.
Text Processing
cut : Select columns for display.
ex : Line-editor underlying vi.
fmt : produce roughly uniform lines.
fold : Produce exactly uniform line lengths.
join : Merge different columns into a database.
nawk : New version of awk.
paste : Merge columns of switch order.
sed : Noninte4active text editor.
sort : Sort or merge files.
tr : Translate characters.
uniq : Find repeated or unique lines in a file.
vi : Visual editor.
xargs – Process many arguments in a manageable portions.
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