In our previous tutorial, we have described how to setup FAMP stack in FreeBSD.
Now, We will show you how to install Nginx, MariaDB, and PHP (FEMP) stack in FreeBSD 10.2 server.
As you probably know, FEMP is the acronym of FreeBSD, Nginx (engine x), MariaDB/MySQL, and PHP.
For the purpose of this tutorial, I will be using the following test machine.
- Operating system: FreeBSD 10.2 64 bit system
- Hostname: freebsd.sysvn.net
- IP Address: 192.168.1.103/24
Well, now let us start to deploy FAMP stack on FreeBSD 10.2.
1. Update your FreeBSD
Like any other operating system, we must update FreeBSD before installing any software. To do so, switch to root user:
$ su
And run the following commands one by one to update your FreeBSD server:
# freebsd-update fetch install
2. Install Nginx
Install Nginx web server using command:
# pkg install nginx
Configure Nginx
Nginx default configuration file is /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.
Let us backup the configuration file first, just in case if anything goes wrong, we can easily restore from the backup.
To do so, run:
mv /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf.bak
Next, create a new Nginx configuration file:
# nano /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
Add the following lines:
user www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name sysvn.net www.sysvn.net;
root /usr/local/www/nginx;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/local/www/nginx-dist;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
try_files $uri =404;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $request_filename;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
Replace the server_name directive (sysvn.net) with your own. Save and close the file.
Next, create necessary log files. These log files will be useful for any troubleshooting and error analysis in future.
# mkdir -p /var/log/nginx
# touch /var/log/nginx/access.log
# touch /var/log/nginx/error.log
Next, we need to configure the correct web root directory. By default, the web root directory is /usr/local/www/nginx, however it is just a symlink to the “nginx-dist” directory.
So, let us remove the web root directory with command:
# rm -rf /usr/local/www/nginx
Then recreate the web root directory with command:
# mkdir /usr/local/www/nginx
Next, we should copy index.html file to the web root directory, because it was deleted while we removing the web root directory in the earlier step.
# cp /usr/local/www/nginx-dist/index.html /usr/local/www/nginx
Test the nginx configuration file is correct with command:
# nginx -t
Sample output:
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
Finally, we need to enable and start Nginx service. To do so, run:
# sysrc nginx_enable=yes
# service nginx start
Test Nginx
Open up your web browser and navigate to: http://IP-address/ or http://localhost. You’ll see the following Nginx test page.
Congratulations! Nginx web server installation is successful and it is working well.
Next, we need to install MariaDB.
3. Install MariaDB
MariaDB is drop-in replacement of MySQL. To install MariaDB, run:
# pkg install mariadb100-server
Next, copy MariaDB configuration file from directory ‘/usr/local/share/mysql/’ to ‘/usr/local/etc/’ as shown below.
# cp /usr/local/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/etc/my.cnf
Then, enable and start MariaDB service using commands:
# sysrc mysql_enable=yes
# service mysql-server start
Setup MariaDB root user password
As you probably know, MariaDB root user has empty, which is not recommended, at the time of installation. So to secure MariaDB root user, it is mandatory to setup a strong password for the root user. To do so, run:
# mysql_secure_installation
When prompt “Enter current password for root”, just press ENTER key and set the password twice. Then simply press Yto accept the default values.
Sample output:
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): ## Press Enter OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] ## Press Enter New password: ## Enter password Re-enter new password: ## Re-enter password Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] ## Press Enter ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] ## Press Enter ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] ## Press Enter - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] ## Press Enter ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
That’s it. MariaDB is installed and secured now. Let us go ahead and install PHP.
4. Install PHP
To install PHP, run:
# pkg install php56-mysql php56-mysqli
After installing PHP, copy the sample PHP configuration file /usr/local/etc/php.ini-production to /usr/local/etc/directory as shown below.
# cp /usr/local/etc/php.ini-production /usr/local/etc/php.ini
If you do any changes, you must update the changes, using command:
# rehash
Now, we need to configure PHP with Nginx web server.
Configure PHP with Nginx web server
Edit /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf file:
# nano /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf
Find the following line:
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
And replace it with:
listen = /var/run/php-fpm.sock
Then, find the following lines and uncomment them.
listen.owner = www listen.group = www listen.mode = 0660
Save and close the file.
Test PHP
Create a sample PHP file in the web root directory:
# nano /usr/local/www/nginx/test.php
Add the following line:
<?php phpinfo(); ?>
Save and close the file.
Then, enable and start PHP-FPM service with the following commands:
# sysrc php_fpm_enable=yes
# service php-fpm start
Finally, restart nginx service using command:
# service nginx restart
Now, open up your web browser and navigate to: http://IP-Address/info.php
You should see the following PHP test page.
Install PHP Modules
We need to install PHP modules (extensions) to enhance the functionality of PHP. This is optional, you can skip it if you don’t need to install any extensions.
To view the list of available modules, just run:
# pkg search php56
You can verify what each module does from the comment section in the above output, or just run the following command
# pkg search -f php56-curl
Sample output:
php56-curl-5.6.18 Name : php56-curl Version : 5.6.18 Origin : ftp/php56-curl Architecture : freebsd:10:x86:64 Prefix : /usr/local Repository : FreeBSD [pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/FreeBSD:10:amd64/quarterly] Categories : ftp Licenses : PHP301 Maintainer : ale@FreeBSD.org WWW : http://www.php.net/ Comment : The curl shared extension for php [...]
To install a PHP extension, for example php56-curl-5.6.18, run:
# pkg install php56-curl
Congratulations! At this stage, FEMP stack is ready to host your websites or any web based applications.
That’s all for now. Thank you for reading this tutorial. If you have any questions, feel free to ask in the comment section below. We will sort it out as soon as possible.
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Cheers!
